I. Spondylus in European, Balkan & Aegean prehistoric contexts

Bonnardin, Sandrine
2004 La Parure Funéraire du Néolithique Ancien en Bassins Parisien et Rhénan: Matériaux, Techniques, Fonctions et Usage Social. Paris: Université de Paris I [Thèse de Doctorat].

Borrello, Maria Angelica
2004 Le conchiglie nella preistoria e nella protostoria. In Conchiglie e Arheologia: Contributi Scienfifici in Occasione della Mostra ‘Dentro la Conchiglia’ (a cura di M. A. Borrello): 19-42. [Preistoria Alpina, Suppl. 1, 40].

Borrello, Maria Angelica & Guido Rossi
2004 La lavorazione di ornamenti in Spondylus gaederopus nel Neolitico della caverna delle Arene Candide (Savona, Italia): Nota preliminare. In Conchiglie e Arheologia: Contributi Scienfifici in Occasione della Mostra ‘Dentro la Conchiglia’ (a cura di M. A. Borrello): 83-90. [Preistoria Alpina, Suppl. 1, 40].

Borrello, Maria Angelica & Roberto Micheli
2004 Spondylus gaederopus, gioiello dell’Europa preistorica. In Conchiglie e Arheologia: Contributi Scienfifici in Occasione della Mostra ‘Dentro la Conchiglia’ (a cura di M. A. Borrello): 71-82. [Preistoria Alpina, Suppl. 1, 40].
2006 Ritrovamenti di oggetti di ornamento in Spondylus gaederopus nei siti italiani del Neolithico e dell’ eta del Rame In Atti della XXXIX Riunione Scientifica dell’Istituto Italiano di Preisotira e Protoistoria, Materie prime e scmbi nella Preistoria italiana, Firenze, 2527 novembre 2004: 875-87. Firenze.

Chapman, John
2000 Fragmentation in Archaeology: People, Places and Broken Objects in the Prehistory of South Eastern Europe. London: Routledge.
2003 Colour in Balkan prehistory (alternatives to the Berlin and Kay colour paradigm). In Early Symbolic Systems of Communication in Southeast Europe, Vol I (ed. L. Nikolova): 31-56. Oxford: British Archaeological Reports [BAR Int. Ser. 1139].
2004 Spondylus bracelets: Fragmentation and enchainment in the East Balkan Neolithic and Copper Age. In Festschrift für Prof. Dr. Habil. Henrieta Todorova (Hrsg. V. Slavchev). Dobrudzha 21: 63-87.

Chapman, John & Bisserka Gaydarska
2007 Parts and Wholes: Fragmentation in Prehistoric Context. Oxford: Oxbow Books.

Chapman, John, Bisserka Gaydarska & Vladimir Slavchev
2008 The life histories of Spondylus shell rings from the Varna I Eneolithic cemetery (North East Bulgaria): Transformation, revelation, fragmentation and deposition. In The Varna Eneolithic Necropolis and Problems of Prehistory in Southeast Europe: Studia in Memoriam Ivani Ivanov (ed. V. Slavchev): 139- 162. Acta Musei Varnaensis VI.

Chapman, John, Tom Higham, Vladimir Slavchev, Bisserka Gaydarska & Noah Honch
2006 The social context of the emergence, development and abandonment of the Varna cemetery, Bulgaria. European Journal of Archaeology 9(2-3): 159-83.

Chertier, B.
1985 Les spondyles entaillés de la nécropole danubienne de Larzicourt (Marne), lieu-dit Champ Bouchotte. Préhistoire et Protohistoire en Champagne-Ardenne 9: 3-18.
1988 La sépulture danubienne de Vert-la-Gravelle (Marne), lieu-dit le Bas des Vignes. Préhistoire et Protohistoire en Champagne-Ardenne 12: 31-69.

Chilardi, Salvatore, Lorenzo Guzzardi, Maria Rosa Iovino & Annalisa Rivoli
2005 The evidence of Spondylus ornamental objects in the central Mediterranean Sea. Two case studies: Sicily and Malta. In Archaeomalacology: Molluscs in Former Environments of Human Behaviour [Proccedings of the 9th Conference of the International Council of Archaeozoology, Durham, August 2002] (ed. D. Bar-Yosef Mayer): 82-90. Oxford: Oxbow Books.

Comşa, Eugen
1973 Parures néolithiques en coquillages marins découvertes en territoire roumain. Dacia XVII: 61-76.

Dimitrijević, Vesna & Boban Tripković
2002 New Spondylus findings at Vinča-Belo Brdo: 1998-2001 campaigns and regional approach to problem. Starinar 52: 47-62.
2006 Spondylus and Glycymeris bracelets: Trade reflections at Neolithic Vinča-Belo Brdo. Documenta Præhistorica XXXIII: 1-16.

Finet, Yves & Kevin Lampell
2008. The Spondylidae in the historical collections of the Museum d’Histoire Naturelle, Geneva, with revision of the species described by Lamarck and by Chenu, and notes on nomenclature (Bivalvia : Pectinoidea : Spondylidae). Archiv für Molluskenkunde 137 (1) : 1-73.

Fol, Alexander & Jan Lichardus (Hrsg.)
1988 Macht, Herrschaft und Gold: Das Gräberfeld von Varna (Bulgarien) und die Anfänge einer neuen europäischen Zivilisation. Saarbrücken: Moderne Galerie des Saarlands-Museum.

Gaydarska, Bisserka & John Chapman
2008 The aesthetics of colour and brilliance: Or why were prehistoric persons interested in rocks, minerals, clays and pigments. In Geoarchaeology and Archaeomineralogy: Proceedings of the International Conference, 29-30 October 2008 (ed. R. I. Kostov, B. Gaydarska & M. Gurova)  63-6. Sofia: Publishing House “St. Ivan Rilski”.

Gaydarska, Bisserka, John Chapman, Ilka Angelova, Maria Gurova, & Slavcho Yanev
2004 Breaking, making and trading: The Omurtag Eneolithic Spondylus hoard. Archæologia Bulgarica VIII(2): 11-34.

Greenfield, H. J.
1991 A kula ring in prehistoric Europe? A consideration of local and interregional exchange during the Late Neolithic and the central Balkans. In Between Bands and States (ed. S. A. Gregg): 287-308. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University [Center for Archaeological Investigations, Occasional Papers 9].

Haimovici, Sergiu
2007 Mediterranenan species discovered among the animal remains from Dobrogea province, Neolithic-Eneolithic period. Analele Ştiinţifice ale Universităţii „Al. I. Cuza” Iaşi, s. Biologie animală LIII: 291-302.

Halstead, Paul
1993 Spondylus shell ornaments from Late Neolithic Dimini, Greece: Specialized manufacture or unequal accumulation? Antiquity 67: 603-9.

Hansen, Sven et al.
2007 Pietrele, Magura Gorgana: Ergebnisse der Ausgrabungen im Sommer 2006. Eurasia Antiqua 13: 44-112.

Hladilová, Šarka
2002 Výsledky paleontologického studia ozdob z lokality Vedrovice – Ergebnisse paläontologischen Studiums der Verzierungen aus der Lokalität Vedrovice. In Dvě pohřebiště neolitického lidu s lineární keramikou ve Vedrovicích na Moravě – Zwei Gräberfelder des neolithischen Volkes mit Linearbandkeramik in Vedrovice in Mähren (ed. V. Podborský): 257-264. Brno: Masaryk University, Faculty of Arts, Dept. of Archaeology & Museology.

Ifantidis, Fotis
2006  ‘Enigmatic’ notched Spondylus ornaments from the Neolithic: New evidence from the Aegean. The Archaeo+Malacology Group Newsletter 9: 3-5.

Jeunesse, Christian
2002 La coquille et la dent: Parure de coquillage et évolution des systèmes symboliques dans le Néolithique Danubien (5600-4500). In Matériaux, Productions, Circulations du Néolithique a l’Age du Bronze. Séminaire du Collège de France (soul la direction de Jean Guillaume): 49-65. Paris: Editions Errance.

Kalicz, Nándor & Júlia Szénászky
2001 Spondylus-Schmuck im Neolithikum des Komitats Békés, Südostungarn. Prähistorische Zeitschrift 76: 24-54.

Karali, Lilian
1999 Shells in Aegean Prehistory. Oxford: Archaeopress (B.A.R. Int. Ser. 761).
2005 Shells from prehistoric sites in Northern Greece. In Archaeomalacology: Molluscs in Former Environments of Human Behaviour. Proceedings of the 9th Conference of the International Council of Archaeozoology, Durham, August 2002 (ed. D. E. Bar-Yosef Mayer): 91-98. Oxford: Oxbow.

Karali-Yannakopoulou, Liliane
1991 Parure en coquillage du site de Dimitra en Macédoine protohistorique. In THALASSA: L’Egée Préhistorique et la Mer (éd. R. Laffineur & L. Basch): 315-22. Liège: Université de Liège [Aegæum 7].
1992 Les mollusques au site de Dikili Tash, village préhistorique de Macédoine Orientale; La parure. In Dikili Tash, Village Préhistorique de Macédoine Orientale, I: Fouilles de Jean Desayes 1961-1975 (éd. R. Treuil): 112 [outillage]; 153-7 [alimentation]; 159-64 [parure]. Bulletin de Correspondance Hellénique Suppl. XXIV.
1993 La parure en coquillage en région Méditerranéenne. Archaiognosia 7: 41-63.

Kyparissi-Apostolika, Nina
2001 Ta Proistorika Kosmimata tis Thessalias [The Prehistoric Ornaments of Thessaly]. Athens: T.A.P.A.
2005 Tracing symbols of life and symbols of death in Neolithic archaeological contexts. Documenta Præhistorica XXXII: 133-44.

Lenneis, Eva
2007 Mesolithic heritage in early Neolithic burial rituals and personal adornments. Documenta Præhistorica XXXIV: 129-37.

Micheli, Roberto
2004 Gli ornamenti in conchiglia del Neolitico dell’Italia settentrionale. In Conchiglie e Arheologia: Contributi Scienfifici in Occasione della Mostra ‘Dentro la Conchiglia’ (a cura di M. A. Borrello): 53-70. [Preistoria Alpina, Suppl. 1, 40].
2006 Bracciali in conchiglia del Neolitico italiano: Distribuzione, inquadramento culturale e tecnologia. In Preistoria dell’Italia Settentrionale: Studi in ricordo di Bernardino Bagolini. Atti del Convegno, sezione poster, Udine, 23-24 settembre 2005: 437-46. Udine.

Miller, Michele Ann
1996 The manufacture of cockle shell beads at Early Neolithic Franchti Cave, Greece: A case of craft specialization? Journal of Mediterranean Archaeology 9(1): 7-37.
1997 Jewels of Shell and Stone, Clay and Bone: The Production, Function and Distribution of Aegean Stone Age Ornaments [Volume I: Text & Volume II: Illustrations and Appendices]. Boston: Department of Anthropology, Boston University [PhD dissertation].
2002 Grindstones in Greek Neolithic ornament production. In Moudre et Broyer. L’interprétation fonctionnelle de l’outillage de mouture et de broyage dans la Préhistoire et l’Antiquité II: Archéologie et Histoire: Du Paléolithique au Moyen Âge (éd. H. Procopiou & R. Treuil). Paris: Éditions du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique [CTHS-Sciences 3].
2003 Technical aspects of ornament production at Sitagroi. In Prehistoric Sitagroi: Excavations in Northeast Greece, 1968-1970. Volume 2: The Final Report (ed. E. S. Elster & C. Renfrew): 369-82. Los Angeles: Cotsen Institute of Archaeology, University of California [Monumenta Archæologica 20].

Mould, C. A., C. Ridley & K. A. Wardle
2000 The small finds [The shell small finds; Ornaments of stone, clay and shell]. In Servia I: Anglo-Hellenic Rescue Excavation 1971-1973 (ed. C. A. Mould, C. Ridley & K. Wardle): 276-285;285-288. Athens: British School of Archaeologyat Athens [Supplementary vol. 32].

Müller, Johannes
1995 Neolithische und Chalkolithische Spondylus-Artefakte: Anmerkungen zu Verbietung, Tauschgebiet und sozialer Funktion. In ΧΡΟΝΟΣ: Beiträge zur prähistorischen Archäologie zwischen Nord- und Südosteuropa. Festschrift für Bernhard Hänsel (Hrsg. C. Becker, M.-L. Dunkelmann, C. Metzner-Nebelsick, H. Peter-Röcher, M. Roeder & B. Teržan): 91-106. Espelkamp: Verlag Marie Leidorf [Internationale Archäologie, Studia Honoraria 1].

Müller, J., A. Herrera & N. Knossalla
1996 Spondylus und Dechsel: Zwei gegensätzliche Hinweise auf Prestige in der mitteleuropäischen Linearbandkeramik? In Prestige – Prestigegüter – Sozialstrukturen: Beispiele aus dem europäischen und vorderasiatischen Neolithikum (Hrsg. J. Müller & R. Bernbeck): 81-96. Bonn: Rudolph Habelt Verlag [Archäologische Berichte Bd. 6].

Neugebauer-Maresch, Christine
1992 Der bandkeramische Friedhof von Kleinhadersdorf, NÖ. Archäologie Österreichs 3(1): 5-11.

Nieszery, Norbert
1995 Linearbandkeramische Gräberfelder in Bayern (Aiterhofen-Ödmühle, Senkhofen, Mangolding und Dillingen-Steinheim). Espelkamp: Verlag Marie Leidorf [Internationale Archäologie 16].

Nieszery, Norbert & L. Brienl
1993 Zur Trageweise des Spondylusschmucks in der Linearbanderkeramik. Archäologisches Korrespondenzblatt 23(4): 427-38.

Nikolaidou, Marianna
1997 Ornament production and use at Sitagroi, Northeast Greece: Symbolic and social implications of an Early Bronze Age technology. In TEXNH: Craftsmen, Craftswomen and Craftsmanship in the Aegean Bronze Age (éd. R. Laffineur & P. P. Betancourt): 177-96. Liège & Austin: Annales d’Archéologie Egéenne de l’Université de Liège & University of Texas at Austin, Program in Aegean Scripts and Prehistory [Aegæum 16].
2003 Items of adornment. In Prehistoric Sitagroi: Excavations in Northeast Greece, 1968-1970. Volume 2: The Final Report (ed. E. S. Elster & C. Renfrew): 331-60; 383-402. Los Angeles: Cotsen Institute of Archaeology, University of California [Monumenta Archæologica 20].
2007 Ritualized technologies in the Aegean Neolithic? The crafts of adornment. In The Archaeology of Ritual (ed. E. Kyriakidis): 183-208. Los Angeles: Cotsen Institute of Archaeology, University of California [Cotsen Advanced Seminar 3].

Pavúk, Juraj
1972 Neolithisches Gräberfeld in Nitra. Slovenská Archeológia 20: 5-105.

Podborský, Vladimír
2002 Spondylový šperk v hrobech lidu s lineární keramikou ve Vedrovicích. Archeologické rozhledy LIV: 223-40.
2002 Dvě pohřebiště neolitického lidu s lineární keramikou ve Vedrovicích na Moravě – Zwei Gräberfelder des neolithischen Volkes mit Linearbandkeramik in Vedrovice in Mähren. Brno: Masarykovy University Philosophy Faculty, Dept. of Archaeology & Museology.

Prummel, Wietske
2001 Spiny oyster (Spondylus gaederopus) consumption during the Middle Bronze Age in Thessaly, Greece. In Patina: Essays Presented to Jay Jordan Butler on the Occasion of his 80th Birthday (ed. W. Metz, B. van Beek & H. Steegstra): 465-471. Croningen, Amsterdam: W.H. Metz,B.L. van Beek and H. Steegstra private publishers.
2005 Molluscs from a Middle Bronze Age site and two Hellenistic sites in Thessaly, Greece. In Archaeomalacology: Molluscs in Former Environments of Human Behaviour [Proccedings of the 9th Conference of the International Council of Archaeozoology, Durham, August 2002] (ed. D. Bar-Yosef Mayer): 107-21. Oxford: Oxbow Books.

Reese David S.
1987 Marine and fresh-water Molluscs. In Paradeisos: A Late Neolithic Settlement in Aegean Thrace (ed. P. Hellström): 9-39. Stockholm: Medelhavsmuseet [Memoir, 7].

Renfrew, C.
1973 Trade and craft specialisation. In Neolithic Greece (ed. D. R. Theocharis): 179-200. Athens: Cultural Foundation of National Bank of Greece.

Resch, Friedrich & Karol German
1995 Schmuck aus Spondylus-Muscheln von Parţa. Acta Musei Nacopensis 32: 351-8.

Rodden, Robert J.
1970 The spondylus-shell trade and the beginning of the Vinča culture. In Actes du VIII Congrès International des Sciences Préhistoriques et Protohistoriques I (éd. J. Filip): 411-3. Prague: Institut d’Archéologie.

Schuster, Cristian
2002 Zu den Spondylus-Funden in Rumänien. Thraco-Dacica 23: 37-83.

Séfèriadès, Michel Louis
1995a Préhistoire: Le commerce des spondyles, de la mer Egée á la Manche. Archéologia (Dijon) 309: 42-50.
1995b Spondylus Gaederopus: The earliest European long distance exchange system – A symbolic and structural archaeological approach to Neolithic societies. Poročilo o raziskovanju paleolitika, neolitika in eneolitika v Sloveniji XXII: 238-45.
1996 La route néolithique des spondyles de la Méditerranée à la Manche. In Nature et Culture: Actes du colloque international de Liège, 13-17 décembre 1993 (ed. M. Otte): 289-356. Liège: Editions E.R.A.U.L.
2000 Spondylus Gaederopus: Some observations on the earliest European long distance exchange system. In Karanovo, Band III: Beiträge zum Neolithikum in Südosteuropa (Hrsg. S. Hiller & V. Nikolov): 423-37. Wien: Phoibos Verlag.
2003 Note sur l’origine et la signification des objets en spondyle de Hongrie dans le cadre du Néolithique et de l’Énéolithique européens. In Morgenrot der Kulturen: Festschrift für Nándor Kalicz zum 75. Geburtstag (Hrsg. J. Erzsébet & P. Raczky): 353-73. Budapest: Archaeolingua.

Shackleton, Judith C.
1984 Spondylus artifacts in Neolithic Europe: An overview. American Journal of Archaeology 88(2): 259.
1988 Marine Molluscan Remains from Franchthi Cave. Bloomington & Indianapolis: Indiana University Press [Excavations at Franchthi Cave, Greece, Fascicle 4].

Shackleton, Judith C. & Henry Elderfield
1990 Strontium isotope dating of the source of Neolithic European Spondylus shell artifacts. Antiquity 64: 312-5.

Shackleton, Nicholas J.
2003 Preliminary report on the molluscan remains at Sitagroi. In Prehistoric Sitagroi: Excavations in Northeast Greece, 1968-1970. Volume 2: The Final Report (ed. E. S. Elster & C. Renfrew): 331-60; 361-5. Los Angeles: Cotsen Institute of Archaeology, University of California [Monumenta Archæologica 20].

Shackleton, Nicholas J. & Colin Renfrew
1970 Neolithic trade routes realigned by oxygen isotope analyses. Nature 228: 1062-5.

Siklósi, Zsusanna
2004 Prestige goods in the Neolithic of the Carpathian Basin: Material manifestations of social differentiation. Acta Archæologica Academiæ Scientiarum Hungaricæ 55: 1-62.

Souvatzi, Stella
2008 A Social Archaeology of Households in Neolithic Greece: An Anthropological Approach. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Stifft-Gottlieb, Angela
1939 Linearkeramische Gräber mit Spondylusschmuck aus Eggenburg, Niederdonau. Mitteilungen der Anthropologischen Gesellschaft 69: 149-65.

Taborin, Yvette
1974 La parure en coquillage de l’Epi-paléolithique au Bronze ancien en France. Gallia Préhistoire 17(1); 17(2): 101-79; 307-417.

Theodoropoulou, Anastasia
2007 L’exploitation des ressources aquatiques en Egée septentrionale aux périodes pré- et protohistoriques.  Paris: Université de Paris I [Thèse de Doctorat].

Todorova, Henrieta
1995 Bemerkungen zum frühen Handelsverkehr wahrend des Neolithikums und des Chalkolithikums im westlichen Schwarzmerraum. In Handel, Tausch und Verkehr im Bronze- und Früheisenzeitlichen Südosteuropa (Hrsg. B. Hänsel): 49-65. München-Berlin: Südosteuropa-Gesellschaft und Seminar für Ur- und Frühgeschichte der Freien Universität zu Berlin [Südosteuropa-Schriften Band 17, Prähistorische Archäologie in Südosteuropa Band 11]. 88(2): 259.
2000 Die Spondylus-Problematik heute. In Karanovo, Band III: Beiträge zum Neolithikum in Südosteuropa (Hrsg. S. Hiller & V. Nikolov): 415-22. Wien: Phoibos Verlag.
2002 Die Mollusken in den Gräberfeldern von Durankulak. In Durankulak, Band II: Die Prähistorischen Gräberfelder von Durankulak (Hrsg. H. Todorova): 177-86. Sofia-Berlin:Deutsches Archäologisches Institut.

Todorova, Henrieta (Hrsg.)
2002 Durankulak, Band II: Die prähistorischen Gräberfelder von Durankulak. Sofia-Berlin: Deutsches Archäologisches Institut.

Todorova, Henrieta & Ivan Vajsov
2001 Der kupferzeitliche Schuck Bulgariens. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag [Prähistorische Bronzefunde Band 6].

Tripković, Boban
2006 Marine goods in European prehistory: A new shell in old collection. Analele Banatului XIV(1): 89-102.

Tsuneki, Akira
1987 A reconsideration of Spondylus shell rings from Agia Sofia Magoula, Greece. Bulletin of the Ancient Orient Museum IX: 1-15.
1988a Spondylus shell objects of Neolithic Greece – Based on the materials from Dimini. Bulletin of the Society for Near Eastern Studies in Japan 31(1): 87-115.
1988b A reconsideration of Neolithic Dimini. Bulletin of the Okayama Orient Museum 7: 17-44.
1989 The manufacture of Spondylus shell objects at Neolithic Dimini, Greece. Orient XXV: 1-21.

Vencl, Slavomir
1959 Spondylový šperky v pondunajkem Neolitu. Archeologické rozhledy XI: 699-742.

Veropoulidou, Rena & Fotis Ifantidis
2004 Unio pictorum vs. Spondylus gaederopus: Shell assemblage and shell ornaments from Dispilio, Kastoria. The Archaeological Work at Macedonia and Thrace 18: 669-86.

Villes, A.
1997 Le problème de la datation des sépultures ‘Danubiennes’ de Vert-la-Gravelle et Frignicourt (Marne). Bulletin de la Société Archéologique Champenoise 90(4): 7-23.

Willms, Christoph
1985 Neolithischer Spondylus-schmuck: Hundert Jahre Forschung. Germania 63(2): 331-43.

II. Spondylus in non-European contexts / Themes in shell technology and anthropology

Aizpurúa, Ilean Isel Isaza & Patricia A. McAnany
1999 Adornment and identity: Shell ornaments from Formative K’axob. Ancient Mesoamerica 10(1): 117-27.

Bauder, Eric D.
2007 The reinvention of tradition: An ethnographic study of Spondylus Use in Coastal Ecuador. Journal of Anthropological Research 63: 33-50.

Bayman, James M.
1996 Shell ornament consumption in a Classic Hohokam platform mound community center. Journal of Field Archaeology 23(4): 403-20.
2002 Hohokam craft economies and the materialization of power. Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory 9(1): 69-95.

Blower, David
1996 The Quest for Mullu: Concepts, Trade, and the Archaeological Distribution, of Spondylus in the Andes (MA Thesis). Ontario: Trent University.

Cambell, Shirley Faye
1983 Attaining rank: A classification of kula shell valuables. In The Kula: New Perspectives on Massim Exchange (ed. J. W. Leach & E. Leach): 229-49. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
2002 The Art of Kula. Oxford: Berg.

Carter, Benjamin Philip
2008 Technology, Society and Change: Shell Artifact Production among the Manteno (A.D. 800-1532) of Coastal Ecuador. Saint Louis, Missouri: Washington University [PhD Thesis].

Clark, Grahame
1986 Symbols of Excellence: Precious Materials as Expressions of Status. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Dales, George F. & Jonathan Mark Kenoyer
1977 Shell working at ancient Balakot, Pakistan. Expedition 19(2): 13-9.

Dalton, Douglas M.
1996 The aesthetic of the sublime: An interpretation of Rawa shell valuable symbolism. American Ethnologist 23(2): 393-415.

Eyles, Eric
2004 Prehistoric Shell Artifacts from the Apalachicola River Valley Area, Northwest Florida (MA Thesis). Tampa, Fla.: University of South Florida.

Feinman, Gary M. & Linda M. Nicholas
1995 Household craft specialization and shell ornament manufacture in Ejutla, Mexico. Expedition 37(2): 14-25.

Glowacki, Mary
2005 Food of the Gods or mere mortals? Hallucinogenic Spondylus and its interpretive implications for early Andean society. Antiquity 79(304): 257-68.

Goto, Akiro
1996 Shell money production in Langa-langa, Malaita Province, Solomon Islands. SPC Traditional Marine Resource Management and Knowledge Information Bulletin 7: 6-11.

Hayes III, C. F., L. Ceci & C. C. Bodner (eds.)
1989 Proceedings of the 1986 Shell Bead Conference, Selected Papers. Rochester, NY: Research Division of the Rochester Museum and Science Center [Research Records No. 20].

Kenoyer, Jonathan Mark
1983 Shell Working Industries of the Indus Civilization: An Archaeological and Ethnographic Perspective. Berkeley, CA: University of California [Ph.D. Thesis].
1984 Shell working industries of the Indus civilization. Paléorient 10(1): 49-63.
1991 Ornament styles of the Indus Valley tradition: Evidence from recent excavations at Harappa, Pakistan. Paléorient 17(2): 79-98.

Lammers-Keijers, Yvonne
2007 Tracing Traces from Present to Past: A Functional Analysis of Pre-Columbian Shell and Stone Artefacts from Anse à la Gourde and Morel, Guadeloupe, FWI. Leiden: Faculty of ArchaeologyLeiden University Press [Archaeological Studies Leiden University 15].

Liu, Robert K.
2005 Spondylus in Precolumbian, Historic and contemporary Southwest jewelry. Ornament 28(3): 60-6.
2006 Prehistoric mosaic jewelry of the American Southwest. Ornament 30(2).

Malinowski, Bronislaw
1922 Argonauts of the Western Pacific: An Account of Native Enterprize and Adventure in the Archipelagoes of Melanesian New Guinea. London: Routledge [1992].

Martin, Alexander J.
2001 The Dynamics of Precolombian Spondylus Trade across the South American Central Pacific Coast. Boca Raton, Florida: Florida Atlantic University [MA Thesis].

Paulsen, Allison C.
1974 The thorny oyster and the voice of God: Spondylus and Strombus in Andean prehistory. American Antiquity 39(4): 597-607.

Pillsbury, Joanne
1996 The thorny oyster and the origins of empire: Implications of recently uncovered Spondylus imagery from Chan Chan, Peru. Latin American Antiquity 7(4): 313-40.

Ross, Kay
1981 Shell ornaments of Malaita: Currency and ritual valuables in the Central Solomons. Expedition 23(2): 20-6.

Seymour, Deni J.
1988 An alternative view of sedentary period Hohokam shell-ornament production. American Antiquity 53(4): 812-29.

Skinner, Raymond Keith
2007 Working Spondylus at Rio Chico. Boca Raton, Florida: Florida Atlantic University [MA Thesis].

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2003 The production and exchange of marine shell prestige goods. Journal of Archaeological Research 11(3): 243-77.

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1992 Inalienable Possessions: The Paradox of Keeping-While-Giving. Berkeley: University of California Press.

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2000 Burial artifacts from the Marshall Islands: Description, dating and evidence for extra-archipelago contacts. Micronesica 33(1/2): 111-36.

Woodford, C. M.
1908 Notes on the manufacture of the Malaita shell bead money of the Solomon group. Man 8: 81-4.

Woodward, Arthur
1936 A shell bracelet manufactory. American Antiquity 2: 117-25.

Yerkes, Richard W.
1983 Microwear, microdrills, and Mississippian craft specialization. American Antiquity 48: 499-518.